Progress on T cell subsets and pathogenesis of asthma / 国际儿科学杂志

Asthma is a common chronic airway inflammatory disease, which is characterized by airway stenosis, airway wall thickening and increased mucus secretion followed by reversible airflow restriction.At present, asthma is considered to be a complex and heterogeneous disease, and its pathogenesis remains elusive.There are diverse immune cells involved in the formation of asthma, including T lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, etc.Due to the continuous renewal of classification and function of T lymphocytes subsets, their role in asthma has attracted more attention.Here, this review aims to summarize the immunological characteristics and roles of different T cell subsets in asthma, and highlight the new findings of T cell subsets in the pathogenesis of severe asthma, leading to provide inspiration and help for the study of the immunology pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis in asthma.

Association between plasma selenium and the risk of impaired glucose regulation / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the association between plasma selenium exposure and the risk of impaired glucose regulation (IGR).@*Methods@#A case-control study was conducted to select IGR patients who were admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Department of Endocrinology to perform oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) at the Tongji Hospital affiliated to the Tongji Medical College from September 2004 to 2016 as a case group. Participants with normal glucose tolerance recruited from an unselected group of population undergoing routine health examinations in the same hospital were selected as a control group. The control group was matched according to the age (±5 years old) and sex of the case group. The inclusion criteria for subjects recruited were as follows: age ≥30 years, body mass index (BMI) <40 kg/m2, no history of a diagnosis of IGR or type 2 diabetes, and no history of receiving pharmacological treatment for hyperlipidemia or hypertension. Patients with any clinically systemic disease such as neurological or endocrine disease, acute illness, chronic inflammatory disease or infectious disease were excluded from the study. A total of 1 957 subjects, 897 in the case group and 1 060 in the control group, were included. Questionnaires were used to collect information of all subjects, and peripheral venous blood was collected after fasting and OGTT, respectively. Plasma selenium, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol) and 2 h OGTT plasma glucose concentration were detected, respectively. The subjects were divided into low, medium and high concentration groups according to the tertiles of plasma selenium concentration in the control group. The multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the association between plasma selenium exposure and IGR.@*Results@#The age (mean±SD) of the case and control group was (53.71±11.38) and (53.95±12.17) years old. The plasma selenium concentration [M (P25, P75)] in the case group was 92.81(77.07, 107.05) μg/L, which was significantly higher than the control group [88.73 (77.13, 100.88) μg/L] (P<0.05). The results of multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, family history of diabetes and hypertension, the risk of IGR was higher in the high-concentration group and the low-concentration group compared with the middle-concentration group, the values of OR (95%CI) were 1.22 (95%CI: 0.94-1.59) and 1.81 (95%CI: 1.42-2.30), respectively.@*Conclusion@#The study suggested a U-shaped association between plasma selenium and IGR.

Clinical study of gemcitabine combined with S-1 in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To evaluate the recent efficacy and safety of gemcitabine combined with S-1 in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer.@*Methods@#From August 2014 to May 2017, 27 patients with advanced biliary tract cancer confirmed by pathology in the First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou received gemcitabine(1 000mg/m2, day 1 and 8) and S-1(80mg/m2, day 1-14) every three weeks.The recent efficacy and toxicities were observed after two cycles of chemotherapy.@*Results@#All of the 27 patients were evaluated, 1 patient(3.7%) achieved CR, 6 patients(22.2%) with PR, 12 patients(44.4%) with SD, 8 patients(29.6%) with PD.The total response rate was 25.9%(7/27), the disease control rate was 70.4%(19/27). The main toxicities were gastrointestinal reactions and myelosuppression, no chemotherapy-related death was observed.@*Conclusion@#Gemcitabine combined with S-1 in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer is safe and effect.

Clinical study of gemcitabine combined with S-1 in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer / 中国基层医药

Objective To evaluate the recent efficacy and safety of gemcitabine combined with S-1 in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer. Methods From August 2014 to May 2017,27 patients with advanced biliary tract cancer confirmed by pathology in the First People＇s Hospital of Zhengzhou received gemcitabine (1 000mg/m2 ,day 1 and 8) and S-1(80mg/m2,day 1-14) every three weeks.The recent efficacy and toxicities were observed after two cycles of chemotherapy.Results All of the 27 patients were evaluated,1 patient(3.7%) achieved CR,6 patients(22.2%) with PR,12 patients(44.4%) with SD,8 patients(29.6%) with PD.The total response rate was 25.9%(7/27),the disease control rate was 70.4%(19/27).The main toxicities were gastrointestinal reactions and myelosuppression,no chemotherapy-related death was observed.Conclusion Gemcitabine combined with S-1 in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer is safe and effect.

The synergistic mechanism of hospital scientific research management and ethical review / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective To explore the cooperative mechanism of hospital research management and ethics review.Methods Through the analysis of current ethical conditions,as well as the relationship between hospital research management and ethical review,study on how to integrate them during the management of scientific research project.Results Research management and ethical review have different emphasis from different perspectives,however,both of them serve for research projects which makes inseparable connections.Conclusions Hospital research management and ethical review can be synergistic,according to which the management of scientific research projects will be more reasonable and scientific.

Validation of the Chinese version of the uterine fibroid symptom and health-related quality of life / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the uterine fibroid symptom and health-related quality of life (UFS-QOL) in patients with uterine fibroid. Methods The original English UFS-QOL was translated into Chinese and linguistically validated following the cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality of life measures. Patients recruited randomly from Peking Union Medical College Hospital from June 2013 to December 2016 were scheduled for two visits with 2 weeks apart, and they were surveyed through the Chinese version of UFS-QOL and short-form 12-item health survey (SF-12). The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of UFS-QOL were evaluated. Results A total of 190 uterine fibroid patients who met the criteria participated this study. The Chinese version of UFS-QOL had a high internal consistency (Cronbach′s α, uterine fibroid symptom severity scale:0.912, health-related quality of life scale: 0.976) and high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.572 - 0.951, P<0.01). The symptom severity scores and SF-12 scores were negatively correlated (r=-0.813, P<0.01); the health-related quality of life scores and SF-12 scores were positively correlated (r=0.620, P<0.01). The factor analysis showed good construct validity. Conclusion Psychometric testing supports the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of UFS-QOL as an disease-specific measure of health-related quality of life.

Analyses of chronic otitis media with intact tympanic membrane concurrent with intracranial complication / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of chronic otitis media with intact tympanic membrane.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Ten patients were retrospective studied in the department of otorhinolaryngology of Guangdong general hospital from December 2006 to January 2015. The clinical characteristics of their manifestations, audiology and imaging examinations were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the cases could be divided into two groups: the intracranial complication group who was primarily diagnosed as intracranial complications, and the hearing loss group who primarily complained of hearing loss. Five cases belonged to the first group, which include 1 cerebellar abscess, 3 meningitis and 1 meningoencephalitis, 2 of them were profound hearing loss, 2 were mixed hearing loss, and 1 was normal hearing. The other 5 cases belonged to the hearing loss group, 3 were mixed deafness, 2 were conductive deafness. All the case showed positive high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) features. In the first group, four cases showed the soft tissue shadow in tympanic antrum/superior tympanic pouch and 1 case showed a wide damage of skull base, in addition to intracranial complications. In the second group, five cases showed soft tissue imaging in tympanic antrum/superior tympanic pouch. Pathology showed that 2 cases were cholesterol granuloma(one was in the first group and the other was in the second group), 4 were intracranial inflammatory(the first group) and 4 were cholesteatoma(the seond group).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In chronic otitis media with intact tympanic membrane, intracranial complications may be the primarily diagnosis, which should be paid much attention by multidisciplinary team. HRCT and audiology were valuable for early diagnosis.</p>

Effect of two kinds of drainage operation on the short-term curative effect, mortality and complications risk in patients with single giant bacterial liver abscess / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of two kinds of drainage operation including incision and drainage of abdominal operation and percutaneous puncture and drainage operation under ultrasound guidance on the short-term curative effect, mortality and complications risk in patients with single giant bacterial liver abscess. Methods Eighty patients with single giant bacterial liver abscess were selected, and all patients were treated with conventional therapy. Among them, 40 patients underwent incision and drainage of abdominal operation (control group), and 40 patients underwent percutaneous puncture and drainage operation under ultrasound guidance (observation group). The short-term curative effect, operation time, time of returning to normal body temperature, time of returning to normal white blood cell, hospitalization time, mortality and incidence of postoperative complication were compared between 2 groups. Results There were no statistical differences in total effective rate and mortality between control group and observation group: 92.5%(37/40) vs. 97.5%(39/40) and 5.0%(2/40) vs. 7.5%(3/40), P>0.05. The operation time, time of returning to normal body temperature, time of returning to normal white blood cell and hospitalization time in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group:(44.52 ± 5.68) min vs. (98.59 ± 12.70) min, (3.25 ± 0.74) d vs. (4.86 ± 1.32) d, (5.20 ± 1.35) d vs. (7.42 ± 1.79) d, (16.94 ± 3.61) d vs. (25.52 ± 5.28) d. The incidence of postoperative complication was significantly lower than that in control group:10.0%(4/40) vs. 27.5%(11/40), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions Two kinds of drainage operation in the treatment in patients with single giant bacterial liver abscess possesses the same clinical efficacy for short-and long-term curative effect; but percutaneous puncture and drainage operation under ultrasound guidance application can efficiently alleviate the clinical symptoms and signs, accelerate the recovery process of disease and be helpful to reduce the risk of postoperative complications.

Effect of Jinfeng particles on MMP-1/TIMP-1 expression in articular cartilage of gouty arthritis in rabbits / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of Jinfeng particles on the expression of MMP-1/TIMP-1 in cartilage of gout arthritis rabbit′s articular,to explicit treatment mechanism of gouty arthritis. Methods:Perfusion of ethambutol and adenine,inject MSU into joint cavity of rabbits to copy the model of gouty arthritis. After successful mode,were randomly divided into model group,Jinfeng granules in high,medium and low dose group(19. 6,9. 8,4. 9 g/kg),allopurinol group(0. 028 g/kg),Tongfengding group(0. 448 g/kg) ,another blank group. Administered for 7 days. 2 h after the last administration,were taken and painted articular cartilage tissue,to observe the changes of the pathological morphology;and the use of immune cell detection of the expression of TIMP-1,MMP-1,MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio calculation. Results: Jinfeng granule could obviously reduce the articular cartilage of rats with inflammatory cells infiltration,hyperemia, swelling and necrosis, could significantly inhibit the expression of MMP-1 ( P< 0. 05 ) , stimulate TIMP-1 activation(P< 0. 01),and significantly reduce the ratio of MMP-1/TIMP-1(P< 0. 05). Conclusion: Jinfeng particles can effectively inhibit the pathological damage of gouty arthritis,upside the expression of TIMP-1 and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of MMP-1,regulated the balance of MMP-1/TIMP-1,and then exert anti-inflammatory effects.

Role of IL-12 family in autoimmune diseases / 军事医学

The interleukin-12 (IL-12) family, including IL-12, IL-23, IL-27,and IL-35, is characterized by unique structures and molecular partners.This is the only family of heterodimeric cytokines, which endows them with a unique set of connections and functional interactions.They not only play an important role in the regulation of inflammation, but are closely related to various autoimmune diseases.Here we discuss the structural aspects of these cytokines and their effect on some autoimmune diseases.

The correlations between varying tinnitus severity and anxiety and depression in non-acute tinnitus patients / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the correlation betwen varying degrees of non-acute tinnitus and anxiety and depression.@*METHOD@#Seventy-seven outpatients with non-acute tinnitus as their in chief complaint were submitted to Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS).@*RESULT@#THI and its three subscales were found to have significant correlations with SAS and SDS. The group (THI ≥ 38) had more anxiety and depression than the mild (THI < 38). Significant correlations were also observed between THI, SAS and SDS in the group with THI ≥ 38, in contrast with the group of THI < 38.@*CONCLUSION@#Patients with THI ≥ 38 suffered from severe anxiety and depression than the mild. Doctors should pay more attention to these patients, especially their psychological disorders.

Programmed death ligand 1 negatively regulates inflammatory response of chronic periodontitis / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expressed in the periodontal tissue of chronic periodontitis and the correlativity of PD-L1 and different degrees of chronic periodontitis, provide experience for immunoregulation mechanism, clinical treatment and prognosis of chronic periodontitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Gingiva and periodontal tissue of healthy people and chronic periodontitis patients were collected. Based on clinical probing, periodontal tissue were classified into three groups: periodontal tissues of healthy people, periodontal tissue of mild chronic periodontitis, periodontal tissue of severe chronic periodontitis. Fluorescent quantitation polymerase chain reaction was applied to explore the expression of PD-L1 mRNA in the periodontal tissue of the different groups. Western blot and immunohistochemistry method were utilized to test the expression of PD-L1 protein in the periodontal tissue of the different groups. Combining with clinical image data, the relationship between differentially expressions of PD-L1 and different degrees of chronic periodontitis was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The relative expression quantity of PD-L1 in the periodontal tissue of the mild chronic periodontitis was significantly higher that of the severe chronic periodontitis (P<0.01). The relative expression quantity of PD-L1 in the periodontal tissue of healthy subjects and severe chronic periodontitis had no statistical significance (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of PD-L1 in the periodontal tissue negativelv regulates inflammatory periodontal tissue damage.</p>

The additional 180° roll test in the determination of affected side of horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the significance of additional 180-degree roll test (RT) in the determination of affected side in patients with horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal vertigo (HSC-BPPV).@*METHOD@#One hundred and six patients with HSC-BPPV were performed the 90 degree RT. patients whose affected side cannot be determined by 90 degree RT were performed 180 degree roll test.@*RESULT@#The affected side was deter- mined by the 180 degree RT in 10 cases in which the lesion side cannot be determined by the 90-degree RT.@*CONCLUSION@#The affected side of HSC BPPV was able to be determined by 180 degree RT when it not possible to be determined by 90 degree RT. 180 degree RT is an effective and simple additional method.

Clinical characteristics of solitary plasmacytoma of temporal bone / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Patient of plasmacytoma of temporal bone often suffered from evident symptom in unilateral ear and obvious damage of bone. Clinical characteristics, imaging examination and histopathology can established an accurate diagnose. The therapy will be surgery and followed radiotherapy.

Effect of Inhibiting of HBx expression on epithelial-mesenchymal transition and apoptosis of liver cancer cells / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To investigate the effects and possible mechanism of action of inhibiting hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) expression on liver cancer metastasis. Methods The suppression of HBx expression in MHCC97H cells was performed by siRNA interference technique, and the effects of HBx suppression on the metastasis of MHCC97H cells were detected by Matrigel invasion assays and in a lung-metastasis mouse model. The expression levels of related epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis proteins were examined by Western blotting. Results Introduction of HBx-siRNA into MHCC97H cells inhibited the expression of HBx and the ability to metastasize,downregulated the expression of Twist and N-cadherin, and upregulated E-cadherin expression. These changes resulted in inhibiting EMT of MHCC97H cells. Meanwhile, apoptosis involved in the Twist-P53 pathway was also found. Conclusions Inhibiting expression of HBx can decrease the metastatic a-bility of MHCC97H cells by changing EMT and inducing apoptosis.

Effect of platelet-rich plasma on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts' proliferation, migration and differentiation / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the in vitro effects of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts(PDLFs). Methods: Various concentrations of PRP (10, 50, 100, 200, 300, 500 ml/L) were applied to primary cultures of human PDLFs. MTT assays were utilized to assess cell proliferation ability. Migration was determined by assessing the cell response to a concentration gradient with Transwell chamber. Differentiation was assessed using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) kit. Results: A beneficial effect on proliferation was observed, especially in response to 200 ml/L PRP.PRP had stimulatory effects on the migration of human PDLFs. PRP facilitated differentiation of PDLFs. Conclusion: PRP can exert a positive effect on human PDLFs,but this effect is concentration specific, while higher concentrations is not necessary to result in optimal outcomes.

Measurement study of MDCT 3D reconstruction and microanatomy related to individual piston shaping on malleostapedotomy / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the management of basic parameters related to individual piston shaping on malleostapedotomy by MDST 3D reconstruction and microanatomy and to assess the accuracy of MDST method.@*METHOD@#Ten Chinese temporal bones without ear diseases were numbered randomly and scanned by GE Light Speed Ultra 64 rows of spiral CT. 3D structure of ossicular chain were reconstructed by MPR and VR methods in AW4. 1 workstation. Then measurements of distances between stapes head to stapes footplate (A line), and manubrium to stapes head (B line), and manubrium to stapes footplate (C line), angle between line A and line B (angle AB) are completed. After that, all samples of temporal bone were undergone canal wall down mastoidectomy under microscope and the relevant measurements were completed.@*RESULT@#The MPR and VR technique of MDCT reconstructed ossicular chain clearly, and revealed the spatial relationship between every structure stereoscopically. Respectively, lengths of A, B, C line by MDST and microanatomy are (3.42 +/- 0.86) mm and (3.60 +/- 0.94) mm, (3.42 +/- 0.80) mm and (2.96 +/- 0.42) mm, (5.86 +/- 0.60) mm and (6.22 +/- 1.10) mm, while angle AB (141.05 +/- 30.07) degrees and (144.57 +/- 41.86) degrees. There are no statistically significant differences between two groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The MPR and VR technique of MDCT can clearly reconstructed the 3D shapes of the temporal bone and finish the exactly managements on A, B, C lines and AB angel which is crucial for shaping a individual piston on malleus-to-oval window surgery.

The effect of the pillar implant system in the management of snoring and OSAHS patients / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of the pillar implant system in the management of snoring and OSAHS patients.@*METHOD@#All patients are divided into three groups by PSG: mild to moderate OSAHS, severe OSAHS and snoring. PSG and snoring visual analogue scale (VAS) were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively, and the postoperative PSG was performed after 6 months.@*RESULT@#The values of VAS in all of the patients were reduced. AHI was reduced from 17.03 +/- 10.63 preoperatively to 11.17 +/- 9.52 postoperatively in 28 patients with mild to moderate OSAHS and the total effective ratio was 67.9%. AHI was reduced from 62.93 +/- 9.21 preoperatively to 55.42 +/- 13.77 postoperatively in 6 patients with severe OSAHS and the effective ratio was 16.7%.@*CONCLUSION@#The pillar implant system had a significant effect on mild to moderate OSAHS patients.

Malleostapedotomy in stapes surgery for otosclerosis with malleus/incus mobility disorder / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of malleostapedotomy based on malleus-oval window technique in otosclerosis with malleus/incus mobility disorder.@*METHOD@#Six cases with malleostapedotomy on stapes footplate fixation accompanied by malleus/incus movements disorder from March 2005 to March 2007 were analyzed retrospectively, when totally 78 cases of conventional stapes surgeries were performed on isolated otosclerosis . The surgical procedures, intraoperative findings and postoperative vertigo as well as pure tone gain were discussed.@*RESULT@#All of the 6 cases showed stapes footplate fixation. Both abnormal incudomalleolar joint and incudostapedial joint were found in 2 cases. It was suspected that previous inflammation resulted in yellowish mucosa, ossicular malformation and stiffness. The third one showed local tympanosclerosis in the attic. In another 2 cases, idiopathic malleus head fixation related to the anterior and superior mallear ligament abnormal were presented while a surgical incudomalleolar joint dislocation prior to the observation happened in the last one. Among these 6 cases, there was no 4.0 Hz notch and postoperative vertigo which needs a further care. Postoperative air-bone gap on 0.5 kHz, 1.0 kHz, 2.0 kHz, 4.0 kHz averaged less than 10 dB. All the patients had been followed up for 3 months.@*CONCLUSION@#Malleostapedotomy based on malleus-oval window technique is a safe and effective procedure available for otosclerosis with malleus/incus movement disorder from different origins.